The distribution of ore deposits is determined by the geological processes that formed them. Ore deposits are therefore commonly clustered in geological provinces (mineral provinces or mineral districts) with some provinces being strongly endowed in particular mineral commodities (Jaireth and Huston, 2010). An example is the Hamersley basin in the Pilbara which hosts most of Australia’s known iron ore deposits and resources. Maps showing the distribution of Australia’s major deposits and endowment by region for the major commodities (coal, copper, gold, iron ore, minerals sands, nickel, phosphate rock, lead and zinc are available at Minerals maps.
An ore(ore processing plant) is a type of rock that contains minerals with important elements including metals. The ores are extracted through mining; these are then refined to extract the valuable element(s). An ore deposit is an accumulation of ore. This is distinct from a mineral resource as defined by the mineral resource classification criteria. An ore deposit is one occurrence of the particular ore type. Most ore deposits are named according to either their location, or after a discoverer or the code name of the resource company which found it.
Ore deposits are naturally occurring accumulations or concentrations of metals or minerals of sufficient size and concentration that might, under favourable circumstances, have economic value. Economic concentrations of metals or other mineral commodities are known as ore. Mineral resources are naturally occurring concentrations of minerals that are potentially economic to extract. These are classified according to the degree of geological assurance and economic feasibility based on the McKelvey resource classification system and compiled in the national resource inventory described in Australia’s Identified Mineral Resources.
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